Capacidade preditiva da subescala Nutrição da Escala de Braden para avaliar o risco de desenvolvimento de úlceras por pressão / Predictive capacity of nutrition sub scale of Braden scale to assessment pressure ulcer development risk

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

The nutritional variables have been considered as risk predictors for development of pressure ulcers (PU). The nutrition sub scale of Braden scale – which assesses the usual food intake pattern – seems to be quite fragile in predicting those wounds. Plenty of studies have pointed out broad aspects of the nutritional status related the risk to develop pressure ulcer. The objective of this study is to evaluate the capacity of nutrition sub scale of Braden for predicting pressure sore risk and to determine the statistical associations with nutrition sub scale and objective and subjective nutritional indicators, demographic and clinic characteristics and PU development. The project was previously approved for both Hospitals Ethical Committes. A hundred and seventy adult patients from two private hospitals in São Paulo – Brazil, with risk but without pressure sores. Pressure ulcer risk was assessed using the Braden scale (score ? 18) on admission and every 48 hours for a minimum one week. The patients were submitted to skin each alternate days, to objective and subjective assessment at admission and every seven days and to caloric and protein intake assessment daily. Univariate and multivariate (four models) logistic regression analysis were used to determine the predictive power of independent variables related to the development of PU. Subjects were 57,05% male, had a mean age of 66,99 ± 15,43 and length of stay mean 17,76 ± 16,77.The mean Braden scale score for subjects without ulcers was 15,03, and it was 12,26 for those with ulcers (p<0,001). Fourteen of 170 subjects (8,3%) developed pressure ulcers. After multivariate logistic regression, the nutrition sub scale of Braden did not appear as a powerful predictive factor for PU development. The best predictors were albumin (OR=5,226, p<0,001), SGA (OR= 3,246, p<0,001) and age (OR=1,594, p<0,001). In this study the nutrition sub scale could not predicting PU because it was excluded from the final logistic regression. Despite albumin have been best predictor PU, in several international studies, the elevate cost limited uour utilization. However the SGA showed as simple, inexpensive and non-invasive nutritional assessment. It is very interesting because it can be performed at bedside and by a multidisciplinary team

ASSUNTO(S)

pressure ulcer malnutrition fatores de risco risk factors avaliação nutricional desnutrição protéico-energética Úlcera de pressão nutritional assessment

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