Avian coronaviruses: detection, molecular and phylogenetic characterization and experimental inoculation in SPF birds / Coronavirus em aves: detecção, caracterização molecular e filogenética e inoculação experimental em aves SPF

AUTOR(ES)

Laura Yaneth Villarreal Buitrago

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2004

RESUMO

In a broiler breeder farm located at São Paulo State two samples of intestinal contents of 2-week old birds, four fecal samples of the floor from the same flock at 18 weeks of age and one at 30 weeks of age were surveyed to coronavirus by a nested RT-PCR assay targeted to the RNA-dependent RNA-polymerase gene (pol gene). Six out of these samples were positive, two of which from the 2-week old birds, 3 from the 18-week old birds and 1 from the 30-week old birds. Phylogenetic analysis of the c-DNA sequence from one positive sample of a 2-week old bird showed that the virus clustered among group 2 coronaviruses. Oral and ocular inoculation of White Leghorn SPF birds with this coronavirus led to mild diarrhea, depigmentation and growth delay. Gross and histopatological examinations of collected tissues showed enteritis and atrophy of the villi on the small gut and rectum with mononuclear cells infiltration and exposition of the lamina propria. SPF sentinel birds placed between inoculated groups showed the same clinical signs and gross and histological findings. The inoculated coronavirus was evidenced in all experimental groups in the small gut, rectum, pancreas and lungs and also in intestinal contents. DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis was carried out with one positive sample per group, confirming the identity between the recovered viruses and the close relationship between this virus and group 2 coronaviruses taking into account the studied fragment. These results show that the coronavirus here found causes enteric disease in birds, with a predominant tropism by the rectum and the small gut, being horizontally transmitted in a few hours and that the pol gene studied segment bring this virus close to group 2 coronaviruses.

ASSUNTO(S)

coronavírus transmissão birds diarréia virology coronavirus inoculation virologia inoculação diarrhea aves transmission

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