Avaliação do risco de contaminação de mananciais hídricos para o abastecimento: o caso da bacia da barragem do descoberto

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2007

RESUMO

In catchments where the threat of impairment is due to non-point pollution, identifying the critical areas that contribute a large amount of pollutants is of paramount importance for the sustainable development of the watershed. Often resources for catchments management are poor and there is no way to establish a comprehensive monitoring system or to calibrate and validate sophisticated models in order to identify such areas. A methodology to trace the most probable sources of non point pollution, making use of available data of physical features (pedology, geomorphology, geology, drainage and precipitation) and land use data derived from SPOT satellite (2003), is presented. A multicriteria analysis is presented to assess the effect of the various pollutants in raw water. Remote sensing and muticriteria analysis has been used in order to identify the magnitude of the impact of land use on water quality. Geotechnologies (GIS, spatial data fuzzy analysis) were applied to diagnose the vulnerability of the area. By overlapping these information, a final map of hazard from non-point pollution is obtained, identifying probable critical source areas. The information obtained is of paramount importance in managing the basin within a sustainable development. The Descoberto reservoir is taken as a case study as it is the most important source of fresh water in the region and, although its basin is an environment protected area with no direct industrial or domestic waste discharges, is suffering a continuous degradation of its water quality and reduction of its volume.

ASSUNTO(S)

recursos hidricos qualidade da água geoprocessamento poluição difusa análise de risco

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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