Anorexia nervosa na adolescência: um problema de família?

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

The unbalanced relationship of the individual with his way of eating has concerned the health mental specialists. Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by a weight loss stress, result of a restricted calorie volunteered patient due to an exacerbated fear of gaining weight and the desperate search of being slim. Studies show occurrence of young people and the average age of girls with Anorexia dropped from 12-14 years to 7-8 years. This dissertation show the dynamic of families who have a teenaged carrier of anorexia, identifying aspects of the intrafamiliar specifies families with this problem. We have adopted a methodology based on the proposed qualitative search, action-search and adaption of the multifamiliar group methodology, which is fundament on the presupposed of the familiar therapy, from community psychology, from sociodrama and from the theory of social networks. The participants were three families with female adolescents diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa, in attendance with a public health institution from SES/DF. The instruments used were: semistructured interviews guide, genogram, collage, construction of the family life cycle and mp3 audio recorder. The data was subjected to content analysis and interpreted in accordance with the systemic approach to the family. The analysis demonstrated multiple difficulties in the family system, such as: unclear communication standard, presence of marital conflict with the adolescent anorexic positioning itself triangulated with parents, negligence of the parents of adolescent, mothers with depression, mothers depending emotionally of their daughters, internal borders diffuse and avoidance of conflicts. At this perspective, this study showed that the interactions which took place between fathers, mothers, sons and daughters permeated by suffering, conflicts, values and beliefs interact with the biological issues, nutritional and psychosocial aspects involving family dynamics research subjects. The use of Multi-Group methodology, allowed the perception of the family in several respects: that there is no single correct way to deal with the symptoms of AN, they need to observe the changes in the behavior of children, they need to give importance to information on symptoms of the daughter, to share the anxieties in relation to AN, with other families is important, adherence to treatment requires changes in the family environmental and finally there is the strengthening of family ties after sharing their suffering with other families who have a teenager with the same diagnosis. These data show the complexity of the disease, knowledge of which requires a reading that includes multiple dimensions of the context in which it operates and the importance of family therapy in the treatment of eating disorders.

ASSUNTO(S)

dinâmica familiar familiar dynamic relações familiares psicologia family anorexia nervosa adolescência família adolescence anorexia nervosa

ACESSO AO ARTIGO

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