Alternativas de tratamento da água de lastro em portos exportadores de minério de ferro. / Ballast water treatment alternatives in the iron ore ports exporting.

AUTOR(ES)

Newton Narciso Pereira

FONTE

IBICT - Instituto Brasileiro de Informação em Ciência e Tecnologia

DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

13/03/2012

RESUMO

This thesis aims at making a technical and economic analysis of the ballast water treatment in Brazilian iron ore ports. Three distinct treatment alternatives were studied: (1) onshore ballast water treatment; (2) water desalination plant to ballast water treatment; (3) onboard ballast water treatment in shuttle tanker vessels operating in the mooring, where the ships wait to berth in a queue area. The interest in studying these alternatives for iron ore ports due the high volume of ballast water discharged by ore carriers ships in these ports, which may vary from 10,000 to 120,000 m³ per voyage, characterizing these ports as great ballast water receivers. For this study three ports were selected, with small, medium and large capacities, located in Vitória-ES and Sepetiba-RJ. To analyze the operational impacts of these alternatives in the selected ports, a discrete event simulation model was developed in this study. The simulation model analyzes the service levels considering transportation demand attendance, average time in queue and berth occupation rates as the main parameters. The model was used to estimate the ballast water treatment stations capacity and shuttle tankers fleet necessary. The conclusion that these treatment systems do not cause significant impacts in the queue times and berth occupation rates of ports. The economic analysis presented the costs of each proposed alternative, which were compared to the onboard ballast water treatment. The comparison showed that the onshore treatment is less costly than the onboard treatment. From the three alternatives, the (1) was the less expensive, however the (3) presenting less impact in the implementation and port operations, since are not necessary investments and modifications in the port structure.

ASSUNTO(S)

Água de lastro ballast water bioinvasão bioinvasion environmental impact espécies invasoras impacto ambiental invasive species ore iron ports portos de minério de ferro simulação simulation discrete events

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