Alterações em caracteristicas de um latossolo roxo submetido a diferentes sistemas de manejo

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

1997

RESUMO

The growing world population imposes a need of new agricultura frontiers. Also, it is needed an intensive use of the cultivated soil. Nowadays, the idea of agriculture is associated with mechanization, especially in well-developed regions. Studies of soil structure modifications are important. This research work had the objective to evaluate the soil structure modifications using eight different soil management conditions. This work was developed at FEAGRIIUNICAMP in eight units of soil and water collector. The plots have an Oxisoil (a clay latosol). The different systems defines the treatments as: T1-conventional system with heavy arrow, T2-equipment alternation system, T3-reduced system with scarifier, T4-direct drilling system, TS-conventional system with disc plough, T6-natural vegetation with no mobilization, T7-conventional system with disc plough worked on a down hill direction, and, T8-rotary tiller system. Many soil parameters were analyzed to observe the properties modification. The management methods that provoke the most soil mobilization are conventional system with heavy arrow, conventional system with disc plough and rotary tiller system. These systems influence the formation of compacted layers in the soil profile. Also, it induces infiltration rate decrease. These treatments also caused larger soil erosion, nutrients and organic matter loss. The stability of aggregates and larger aggregates were reduced when was used the conventional treatments. When the conventional system with disc plough were used, that values for aggregates stability were greater than the expected. When porosity and water retention were analyzed, the conventional treatments also presented low values. These values showed that these treatments cause prejudicial modifications in the soil structure when compared with treatments designated as conservation treatments. The treatments direct drilling system and natural vegetation treatment with no mobilization present a compacted layer, but they had not any problem with infiltration rate. The infiltration rates in these treatments were the higher ones found in this experiment. Also, for these treatments, the aggregates were bigger and more stables in the higher horizons and the water retention pressure were higher in this zone (6 kPa). The results showed that any of these treatments provoke soil structure modifications. The treatments that caused the lowest modification in the soil structure were reduced system with scarifier direct drilling system and natural vegetation with no mobilization causing the least impact to ambient

ASSUNTO(S)

solos - manejo solos - conservação

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