Agendamento otimizado das atividades de colheita de madeira em plantios de eucaliptos sob restrições operacionais, espaciais e de risco climático / Optimized harvest scheduling in eucalyptus plantations under operational, spatial and climatic risk constraints

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2009

RESUMO

Sustainability concerns in forest-based industries, as related to environmental, social and economic aspects, have been highlighted with crescent realism. Therefore, forest management plans must consider a greater level of details when analyzing and understanding the interaction among these aspects to prevent possible future impacts. At the tactical and operational planning levels, methods based on generic assumptions usually provide non-realistic solutions, impairing the decision making process. This study is aimed to improve current operational harvesting planning techniques, through the development of a standard linear programming model that allows for the evaluation of different scenarios, subject to environmental and supply constraints, and that provides the basic framework for comparisons with the results observed in the study case during the period of assessment. The study case comprised eucalyptus plantations harvested by a pulp mill in Uruguay over three consecutive years. Forest plantation parameters, like area, growth, harvesting conditions etc., and industrial requirements were mathematically represented in a linear mixed integer goal programming model. The model considered the increase on operational capacity and was constrained by environmental and supply limits. The environmental constraint required the classification of harvesting areas according to impacts due to environmental damages incurred during harvest operations. The supply constraint considered the need for regulating the average wood density and imposed a maximum range of variation of 5% on overall average. The possibility of increasing operational capacity was allowed by hiring outsourced crews to support harvest operations in certain periods. Furthermore, the spatial consequences of dispatching harvest crews to certain distances over the evaluation period were also considered. As a result, a set of performance indicators was selected to evaluate all optimal solutions provided to different possible scenarios and combinations of these scenarios, and to compare these outcomes with the real results observed by the mill in the study case area. Results showed that it is possible to elaborate a linear programming model that represents adequately harvesting limitations, production aspects, and environmental and supply constraints. The comparison involving the evaluated scenarios and the real observed results showed the advantage of using more holistic approaches and that it is possible to improve the quality of the planning recommendations using linear programming techniques.

ASSUNTO(S)

eucalyptus eucalipto colheita - planejamento environmental risk. wood linear programming madeira clima risco ambiental. harvest planning climate programação linear

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