A mecânica do desejo no desencadeamento da ação no Leviatã de Thomas Hobbes

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2006

RESUMO

In this study we will analyze the concept of desire and its implication in Thomas Hobbes Theory, identifying it as a fundamental element in the determination of the mans action, through the anthropology or empiric psychology developed by Hobbes, changing the traditional order of the ethics and political universe. Desire that appears as a power, an impulse which gives movement to life, synonym of happiness, but, because it is without measure or satisfaction, puts man in situations where the risk of premature and violent death is present. State of conflict, represented by the hobbesian state of nature, in which man, in a context of pure equality, attacks for desire, either to obtain more and more power, or not to lose what he had already achieved. Behind the fear of death, there is the fear of losing the most desired object: life. But, despite spying the enemy, man is also capable of a consensus, when he uses his sense, with which he adds will and elocution. The consensus is the pact which creates the conditions of possibility for the institution of the absolute State, power which concentrates the power of everybody with the intention of assuring peace and prosperity, common interest for all the people. The State needs to impose limits to the never-ending desire of the individual and, because of it, needs to seem strong as a Leviathan. The Hobbesian State is an artificial body created by man, which devises a mechanic of control to, through the fear of punishment and the promise of a reward, orients the human action in the meaning of controlling the desire without suppressing it. An attempt to keep the flames of the desire lit in man, avoiding, at the same time, that the flames burn the man. The paradox of limiting the desire, holding it inside limited fields without surrender to it

ASSUNTO(S)

fear filosofia desejo hobbes, thomas power punishment reward desire

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