"A construção de uma escala de atitudes frente ao álcool, ao alcoolismo e ao alcoolista: um estudo psicométrico" / The Construction of a Scale of Attitudes towards Alcohol, alcoholism and the Alcoholic: a psychometric study.

AUTOR(ES)
DATA DE PUBLICAÇÃO

2005

RESUMO

A scale of nurses’ attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and the alcoholic (EAFAAA) was developed. It is a Likert type scale based on Pasqualli’s (1999) theoretical framework. In order to elaborate the scale items, the author used a semi-structured interview with 30 nurses and these interviews’ analysis resulted in a total of 225 items. The items were evaluated by six peer reviewers specialized on the subject. After the analysis, 165 items were maintained. The scale with the 165 items was submitted to a pilot study with the purpose to verify some statistical characteristics. Thus, the instrument was tested in a population of 144 nursing students from two private Universities enrolled in the last year of their program. With the 144 instruments responded, the author created a data bank using SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v.8 for Windows), and began the statistical analysis. The factorial analysis originated a scale with 96 items divided in five factors: Factor 1: The Alcoholic, the work and the relationship between them; Factor 2: Etiology; Factor 3: Disease; Factor 4: Repercussions of alcohol use and abuse and Factor 5: The Alcohol. The internal consistency was of 0.9068 (alpha). The item-score correlations varied from 0.35 and 0.65 with an average of 0.50. Data regarding reliability enabled the conclusion that the instrument is adequate to its aim and can be useful to learn more about nurses’ attitudes towards alcohol, alcoholism and the alcoholic. After the reliability confirmation, the scale was tested in a population of 148 nurses. Data analysis showed that nurses and nursing students accept alcoholism as a disease, demonstrating positive attitudes towards it. However, there was a significant number of subjects with moral and condemning attitudes regarding the alcoholic, considering them guilty in respect to their health problems. The author suggests the development of other studies involving the constructed scale with the aim of improving its statistical quality. He also points out the need for greater attention to the theme in the curriculum of the nursing undergraduate programs as well as the need for new methods to change the professional attitudes towards alcohol, the alcoholism and the alcoholic.

ASSUNTO(S)

psychological test psicometria alcoholism testes psicológicos attitudes psycometria alcoolismo atitude

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